Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat
MANIPUR
| Kingdom of Manipur | |
|---|---|
| Part of History of Manipur | |
| Kings of Manipur | |
| Pamheiba | 1720–1751 |
| Gaurisiam | 1752–1754 |
| Chitsai | 1754–1756 |
| Ching-Thang Khomba | 1769–1798 |
| Rohinchandra | 1798–1801 |
| Maduchandra Singh | 1801–1806 |
| Chourjit Singh | 1806–1812 |
| Marjit Singh | 1812–1819 |
| Gambhir Singh | 1825–1834 |
| Raja Nara Singh | 1844–1850 |
| Debindro Singh | 1850 |
| Chandrakirti Singh | 1850–1886 |
| Raja Surchandra | 1886–1890 |
| Kulachandra Singh | 1890–1891 |
| Churachandra Singh | 1891–1941 |
| Bodhchandra Singh | 1941–1949 |
| Manipur monarchy data | |
| Ningthouja dynasty (Royal family) | |
| Pakhangba (Symbol of the kingdom) | |
| Cheitharol Kumbaba (Royal chronicle) | |
| Imphal (Capital of the kingdom) | |
| Kangla Palace (Royal residence) | |
The history of Manipur (Kangleipak in ancient times) is reflected by archaeological research, mythology and written history.
Since ancient times, the Meitei people have lived in the valleys of Manipur alongside the highlanders in the hills and valley in peace. Meitei Pangal (Muslims) people settled in the valleys during the reign of Meidingu Khagemba in the year 1606. Since then, they also lived along with the Meitei.
Mythological origins begin with the reign of the "Konchin Tukthapa Ipu Athoupa Pakhangpa" (Pakhangpa was the name given to him meaning "The one who knows his father"), who gave birth the seven clans of Meitei society.
The pre-Hindu era is set forth in the sacred writing puya "Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Amailon Pukok". Introduction of the Shree nidhischool of [Hinduism] brought about changes in the history of the state. Manipur's early history is set forth in the Cheitharon Kumbaba, a chronicle of royal events which is believed to record events from the foundation of the ruling dynasty.[citation needed]
Manipur became a princely state under British rule in 1891, the last of the independent states to be incorporated into British India. During the Second World War, Manipur was the scene of battles between Japanese and Allied forces. The Japanese were beaten back before the Allies could enter Imphal. This proved to be one of the turning points of the war.[citation needed]
After the war, the Manipur Constitution Act, 1947, established a democratic form of government with the Maharaja as the Executive Head and an elected legislature. In 1949, Maharaja Budhachandra was summoned to Shillong, capital of the Indian province of Meghalaya where he signed a Treaty of Accession merging the kingdom into India. Thereafter the legislative assembly was dissolved and Manipur became part of the Republic of India in October, 1949.[1] It was made a union territory in 1956[2] and a full-fledged state in 1972.[3]Mairembam Koireng Singh became the first Chief Minister in 1972 of the State of Manipur
Manipur is a land of festivals, merriment and mirth all the year round. A year in Manipur presents a cycle of festivals. Hardly a month passes without a festival or two. To the Manipuri's, festivals are the symbols of their cultural, social and religious aspirations which , besides removing the monotony of life by providing physical diversions, mental recreation and emotional outlet, it also helps them lead a better and fuller life....
Yaoshang (Holi)- Festival Of Manipur Hindus:
Celebrated for five days commencing from the full moon day of Phalguna (February/March), Yaoshang is the premier festival of Manipur. The Thabal Chongba - a kind of Manipuri folk dance, where boys and girls hold hands together and sings and dance in a circle, is particularly associated with this festival. Yaoshang to Manipur is what Durga Puja is to Bengal, Diwali in north India and Bihu to Assam
Kut-Festival Of Kuki-Chin-Mizo:
It is an autumn festival of the different tribes of Kuki-Chin-Mizo groups of Manipur. The festival has been variously described at different places amongst different tribes as Chavang Kut or Khodou etc. It is a happy occasion for the villagers whose food stock is bountiful after a year of hard labour. It is observed on the 1st November every year.
Gang-Ngai-Festival Of Kabui Nagas:
Celebrated for five days in the month of December/January, aGang-Ngai is an important festival of the Kabui Nagas. The festival opens with the omen taking ceremony on the first day and the rest of the days are associated with common feast, dances of old men women and of boys and girls, presentation of farewell gifts etc.
Cheiraoba- The Manipur New Year:
During the festival special festive dishes are prepared which are first offered to various deities. Celebrated during the month of April, a part of the ritual entails villagers climbing the nearest hill tops in belief that it will enable them to rise to greater heights in their worldly life.
Kang - The Rath Yatra Of Manipur
One of the greatest festivals of the Hindus of Manipur, athis festival is celebrated for ten days in the month of July. Lord Jagannath leaves his temple in a car known as ‘Kang’ in Manipur pulled by devotees who vie with one another for this honour.
Lui-Ngai-Ni
It is a collective festival of the Nagas observed on the 15th day of February every year. This is a seed-sowing festival after which tribes belonging to the Naga group begin their cultivation. Social-gathering, songs, dances and rejoicing highlight the festivity. The annual festival also plays a great role in boosting the moral and strengthening the bond of Naga solidarity.
NO of Districts in Manipur
Manipur has a lot to offer to the tourists visiting this state. Some of the places worth visiting are the Shree Govindajee Temple (a pilgrimage as well as historic center of the Vaishnavite), Kaina (a sacred place of Hindus), Khwairamand Bazaar (a market place run by women), Manipur Zoological Garden (renowned for the rare sangai deer), apart from the beautiful Loktak Lake and Sendra Island. Besides, Langthabal (historic sites), Moirang, Moreh, Phubala, Singda, Khongjom, Sahid Mandir, Khonghampat Orchidarium, Keibul Lamjao National Park, Sekta Archeological Living Museum, and the Manipur State Museum are surely worth a visit.
Tourist Places in Manipur
Manipur is one of the 'seven sisters'; 7 north-eastern Indian States and is one of the
gems in the tourist places' collection in India. Fondly called as the 'Switzerland of India', the place is one visual feast comprising of magnificent natural splendour and sparkling
hill stations. The state is small though, but the tourism is a thriving industry and the
alluring surroundings make all the visitors a big fan of the place. Find all the best
places you must visit while touring the lovely land of Manipur.
Imphal
The capital city of Manipur, the place where Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose gave some blood-curdling speeches for independence, the place that has witnessed surmounting
independence movement, the place that is the most visited place in the state of
Manipur – Imphal, is the first and the must visit the place. The city is full of dense forests, sparkling fields, fragrant with fresh air and earth, and offers everything expected of a hill station to all its visitors.
While you are in Imphal you must visit Manipur State Museum,
Keibul Lam Jao National Park, Khonghampat Orchidarium,
Sekta Archaeological Living Museum, Red Hill Lokpaching,
Manipur Zoological Gardens, Jama Masjid, Matai Garden, Sirohi National Park, Shree Govindajee Temple and Kangla Fort.
Ukhrul
The beautiful valleys located almost in the skies, the lovely sparkling sky, the air
(fresher than ever), the wild flora and the overall setting seeming to have just grabbed
from some Hollywood movie, Ukhrul is a dreamland. You will find hard to take away
your eyes from a scene. You can visit the Shirui Kashung Peak, Shirui Kashung,
Nillai Tea Estate, Kachouphung Lake, Ango Ching, Khayang Peak, Khangkhui Cave,
and Hundung Mangva Cave.
The activities such as camping, trekking and hiking etc are obviously available for all the tourists. Just lay a mat and open up your picnic basket at any beautiful hillside and
you have one of its own kinds picnic spot.
Thoubal
Yet another beautiful place in Manipur, Thoubal is also a must visit place. You can have wonderful views of the Imphal and Thoubal Rivers, roam in the People's Museum, buy some local souvenirs in the Thoubal market, boat in the Louis Lake (season wise) and Waithou Lake, or visit the Khongjom War Memorial or spend your time in the lap of nature in the vicinity of Ikop Lake.
Bishnupur
The land is spangled with lots of temples and hence has got named as the Holy Land. The religious aura and the pure surroundings make you feel the divine presence of the
almighty in each and every particle around you. The lovely temples, the wonderful
incense fragrance and architectural marvels make you all the more satiated from your
Manipur Trip.
You can visit Susunia Pahar, Radha Shyam Temple, Rasmancha, Pancha Ratana Temple, Siddheswar Temple, Dal Madol, Jorebangla Temple, Sridhara Temple, and Shyamrai Temple while in or near Bishnupur.
Tamenglong
The land of Hornbill is as unique and captivating as Chandel in its surroundings.
The rare herbs, spices, flora and fauna makes the place an exquisite Hamlet in the Indian subcontinent. The numerous lakes, waterfalls, hills, valleys and lots of greenery fills
your heart and mind with content and life.
The must visit places in Tamenglong are Kisha Khou, Zeilad Wildlife Sanctuary,
Zeilad Lake, Tharon Cave, Barak Waterfalls, and Buning Meadow.
Senapati
The place is still 80% unexplored owing to the dense forests, hills, gorges, lakes and other natural hindrances which are actually the main tourist attractions. The region has preserved
its originality owing to this less exploration and all the tourists find the place a scintillating
hill station with exuberant natural surroundings.
The places of interest are Dzuko Valley, Sadu Chiru Waterfalls, Purul, Yangkhullen,
Maram Khullen, Mao, Makhel Cave, and Liyai.
Other must visit places in Mizoram are Tonglon Cave, Ngaloi Falls, Tipaimukh,
Tuibuong Tribal Museum and Khuga Dam which are located in Churachandpur
Sports in Manipur
The state of Manipur is known for the indigenous and traditional games played by the people. Manipur has a history of indigenous games which are played from historical times. These games hold a significant part in building up the physical buildup and active nature of the people.Traditional Games of Manipur
Sports in Manipur dates back to the time of ancient history. The Department of Youth Affairs and Sports is responsible for the implementation and promotion of youth welfare programmes and games in Manipur. The people of Imphal plays many games which include: Sagol Kangjei , Thang Ta & Sarit Sarak, Khong Kangjei, Yubi Lakpi, Mukna, Hiyang Tannaba and Kang.Sagol Kangjei (POLO)
The modern game of Polo originated in Manipur. Polo is played with seven players on each side. The players are mounted on ponies which are not more than 4-5 feet height. Each player has a polo stick made of cane. The ballused is the game is made of bamboo root. The ball is hit hard by the players into the goal. Today the game is played in two different form the PANA, original Manipuri style and Polo, the International style.
Thang Ta & Sarit Sarak (Manipuri Martial Arts)
Manipuri Martial Art is a very skillful and energetic art. In the olden times when every Manipuri was a warrior and were bound to serve the country at the time of war, this art was a way to sharpen their battle craft. Todat, martial arts is being performed widely by women and children as well.
Khong Kangjei (Manipuri Hockey)
Khong Kangjei or the Manipuri hockey is also very popular game among the people of Manipur. Like polo, this game is also played with 7 players on each side and each player is given a bamboo stick made in the formof modern hockey stick. The game begins with a throw of the ball in the field and the player is allowed to carry the ball in any way possible to the goal. A player can even kick the ball but the goal can be only scored by hitting the ball with the stick. There is no goal post and in order to score the goal the player has to score the goal line completely.
Yubi Lakpi (Manipuri Style of Rugby)
In Manipuri language "Yubi" means a coconut and "Lakpi" means snatching. Similar to the other games, each side has seven players. A rectangular box is made in one end of the field; one side of the box forms the central portion of the goal line. In order to make a goal, a player to approach the goal from the front with his oiled coconut and cross the goal line.
Mukna (Manipuri Wrestling)
Manipuri wrestling is also another highly popular and prestigious game played among the Manipuris. The game enjoyed royal patronage in the olden times. This game is played between two male rivals by sheer physical strength and skill.
Kang
Kang is mainly played during the 'Cheiraoba' and the Rath Yatra festival. This games is played on mud floor and one has to hit the fixed targets with the "Kang. Each team has seven male players. The people of Manipur believes that if the game is played beyond the given time limit, evil spirits may capture the mind of the players as well as the audience.
Hiyang Tannaba (Boat Race)
This game is normally held in the month of November at Loktak lake and Thangapat. The boats used in this game are called Hiyang Hiren. The people of Manipur believes that the boats are endowed with spiritual powers. The Meiteis believes that if Hiyang hiren is worshipped it will negate evil omens. During the times of natural calamity, the game is also played by the people of Manipur.
Oolaobi
It is an outdoor game played mainly by females. According to mythology this game was played by the Gods. The rules of this game are much similar to Kabaddi game.
Apart from these, there are other notable indigenous games like Khutlokpi, Phibul Thomba, Chaphu Thugaibi played throughout the year.
Sports Associations and Clubs in Manipur
Department of Youth Affairs and Sports Manipur
The Youth Affairs and Sports Department of Manipur is the main agency for promotion of games and sports and implementation of youth welfare programmes in Manipur. The Directorate Office of the Department is situated at Khuman Lampak Sports Complex in Imphal. The department implements various schemes for the development of Sport and Youth Welfare in Manipur. Regular tournaments in the State Level are organised by it.
Click here to know more about Department of Youth Affairs and Sports
All Manipur Football Association (AMFA)
All Manipur Football Association (AMFA) was established in the year 1973. The headquarter of the association is located in Imphal. The association is affiliated to the All India Football Federation. It is the state governing body of football in Manipur. The Manipur Football Association’s State League is the highest League and the biggest tournament in Manipur. Manipur Olympic Association (MOA)
The MOA was formed in the year 1977 under the chairmanship of Shri R.K Madhuryyajit Singh as President and Shri B.C Singh as Secretary. The Association is affiliated to Indian Olympic Association (IOA). The MOA is an apex body for the development of sports activities in the state.
Address:
New Olympic Bhavan
Khuman Lampak, Imphal-795001
Phone no: 0385 2422696
Fax (+91) 385 2421166
Website: http://manipurolympicassociation.com/
Email id
- @manipurolympicassociationr.com
- info@manipurolympicassociation.com
- moa_sport@yahoo.com
Manipur Mountaineering and Trekking Association (MMTA)
The Manipur Mountaineering and Trekking Association was formed on 21st September,1980. The association continues to respond to the environmental challenges and it also promotes adventure ecotourism. The objective of the association is to build a strong nation by shaping the young talent through its well-defined programmes.Manipur Mountaineering & Trekking Association
Address: MMTA Road, Khuman Lampak Sports Complex,
Imphal:795001
E-mail: mmta_sur@yahoo.co.in
Phone no: 0385-2421142
Website: http://www.mmtamanipur.com/
North Imphal Sporting Association (NISA)
North Imphal Sporting Association (NISA) is a Football Club based in Manipur, India. NISA is the present champion in the Manipur State League. Since its inauguration in 2006, NISA won the Manipur state League for three times.
Sports Personalities from Manipur
Manipur has produced some of the best sportsmen in the country. The names of Mary Kom, Ngangbam Soniya Chanu, Ngangbam Soniya Chanu, Tingonleima Chanu , Nameirakpam Kunjarani Devi, Laishram Sarita Devi shine in the sports arena of Manipur Important sportspersons from Manipur are:Mary Kom
Mangte Chungneijang Mary Kom also known as MC Mary Kom was born on 1st March 1983 in Imphal She is an Indian Boxer and is a five-time World Amateur Boxing champion. Mary Kom is the only woman boxer to have won a medal in each one of the six world championships. She became the first woman boxer from India to have won a Gold Medal in the Asian Games in 2014 held in Incheon, South Korea.
Soram Poirei Anganba
Soram Poirei Anganba was on born 24th December, 1992. He is an Indian footballer who plays currently as a goalkeeper for Bengaluru FC of the I-League.
Ngangbam Soniya Chanu
Ngangbam Soniya Chanu born on 15th February 1980. She is an Indian Woman Weightlifter. Soniya Chanu won the silver medal in the Women's 48 kg category at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.
Tingonleima Chanu
Tingonleima Chanu was born on 1st April, 1976). She is a member of the India women's national field hockey team.She was awarded the the Arjuna Award.
Gurmayum Anita Devi
Gurmayum Anita Devi is a famous mountaineer from the state of Manipur. The Government of India honoured her with the Padma Shri award in 2004.
Nameirakpam Kunjarani Devi
Nameirakpam Kunjarani Devi was born 1 March, 1968. She is noted weightlifter from the state of Manipur. She received the Arjuna award in 1990 and also shared the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award with Leander Paes for the year 1996-1997. She also won the K.K.Birla Sports award in the same year.
Laishram Sarita Devi
Laishram Sarita Devi was born on 1st March 1985. She is an Indian boxer and a national champion also won a gold at the World Championshiops in New Delhi in 2006. The Government of India honoured her with the Arjuna Award in the year 2009.
Suraj Lata Devi
Suraj Lata Devi was born on 3rd January 1981 in Manipur. She is the is the former captain of the India women's national field hockey team. Suraj Lata Devi led the Indian Hockey team to the Gold for three consecutive years: during the 2002 Commonwealth Games (the 2003 Afro-Asian Games, and the 2004 Hockey Asia Cup.
Saikhom Mirabai Chanu
Saikhom Mirabai Chanu was born on 8 August 1994. Mirabai Chanu is an Indian weightlifter who won silver medal in the women's 48 kg weight class at Commonwealth Games, 2014 at Glasgow.
Khumukcham Sanjita Chanu
Khumukcham Sanjita Chanu was born on 2nd January 1994. She is an Indian weightlifter who won gold medal in the women's 48 kg weight class at the Commonwealth Games , 2014 at Glasgow
Dingko Singh.
Dingko Singh
Dingko Singh, born on January 1, 1979, is an Indian boxe. He won the gold medal Asian Games 1998. He was honoured the Padma Shri by Government of India in the year 2013.
Famous dish
1. Chamthong or Kangshoi – a healthy vegetable stew
This dish is very popular in Manipur. It is a vegetable stew. It consists of seasonal vegetables that are boiled and flavoured with sliced onions, cloves, salt, garlic, maroi and a bit of ginger. This stew is served with rice or fish and is supposed to be consumed piping hot.
2. Eromba – a delightful combination of rice and fish
Here is another favorite dish among the Manipuris. Their cuisine almost always includes a type of fish called Ngari. Eromba is prepared by boiling a tonne of vegetables along with some dry fish. It is mixed until the texture becomes like a paste. Finally, it is garnished with maroi and a sprinkle of coriander leaves.
3. Morok Metpa – a spicy and delicious chutney
Just like coriander chutney is popular in Mumbai city, the Morok Metpa chutney is a hit in Manipur! It is prepared using dried green chillies. The chillies are mashed into a paste and then boiled with some Ngari fish. Once again, it is mashed and then sprinkled with salt. Enjoy it with all kinds of meals.
4. Singju – a famous Manipuri salad
Singju is a type of salad that is bursting with vegetables. It does not contain only a few standard vegetables like tomatoes or onions. Quite to the contrary, it includes cabbage, coriander leaves, onions, ginger, lotus stems, the singju leaf and other similar vegetables. The mixture is again mixed up with Ngari fish.
5. Paaknam – a delicate fish cake
Similar to a pancake, this fish cake is prepared with the traditional Ngari fish. It is finally wrapped up in a banana leaf and steamed. It is considered to be quite a delicacy and is enjoyed by locals and tourists alike! Paakam is served with a sweet chilli sauce.
6. Chahao Kheer – the most popular dessert in Manipur
Chahhao Kheer is a delicious kheer that is prepared on many special occasions in Manipur. It is a pleasing shade of purple and is made using rice, milk and cardamom powder. It is generally garnished with dried fruits like raisins or other nuts. The flavour of this kheer is delicious.
7. Alu Kangmet – a mashed potato delicacy
Alu kangmet is a very simple dish. What’s more, it will keep your stomach full for quite a long time, for it’s made using potatoes. Boiled potatoes are mashed wonderfully and mixed with fried red chilli, salt and drizzles of mustard oil. This is surely a simple but a wholesome dish.
8. Nga-Thongba – a classic fish curry
Fish curry is often considered to be comfort food. In Manipur, this couldn’t be more appropriate. Fish is used in almost all of their preparations — the Nga fish to be precise. This is again, a classic fish curry that is prepared using the Nga fish. It is often flavoured with crushed pepper and other spices, to give it an added taste.
Merely reading about the food of Manipur is not enough! Their cuisine deserves to be tasted. Besides, it’s also super healthy, so you won’t have to worry about binge eating while you’re on your holiday, either. So, when you head off to revel in the natural beauty of the North East, make sure you visit Manipur and indulge in their delicacies.
By Cdt.SHYAM SUNDER SHRIVAS (4681)
&
ADITYA RAJ SINGH (4686)
TO VISIT NAGALAND
nice
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